Substantive Review of Indictments in Exception in Kotamobagu District Court Case and Comparative Perspective
Keywords:
Judicial control, Indictment annulment, Indictment drafting, Objection stage, Comparative criminal justice systemAbstract
The accuracy of indictment substance plays a crucial role in defining the clarity of criminal charges and the scope of fair adjudication. This article examines the substantive review of indictments at the objection stage based on a case study involving the annulment of an indictment by a court in Indonesia, complemented by a comparative analysis of indictment review practices in several other legal systems. The research employs a normative-doctrinal method with a case study approach expanded through comparative examination. The findings reveal that Indonesian judges in the analyzed case did not merely assess the formal presence of elements within the indictment but also evaluated the consistency between factual narratives and investigative findings to ensure clear charges from the outset of proceedings. Significant inconsistencies between the indictment narrative and investigative facts were deemed as substantive defects, leading to annulment of the indictment to protect the defendant's right to defense. This study underscores the relevance of strengthening judicial control over indictment substance during the objection stage as a safeguard for defendants' rights, while highlighting the importance of prosecutorial professionalism in drafting indictments. The comparative perspective shows that early substantive indictment review is also emphasized in various jurisdictions as part of fair criminal trial principles.
References
Al Amin Siregar, R. E. (2016). Due Process of Law Dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana Di Indonesia Kaitannya Dengan Perlindungan Ham. FITRAH: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu-Ilmu Keislaman, 1(1), 35–46. https://doi.org/10.24952/fitrah.v1i1.326
Aniek Periani, & Rusito. (2022). Hak Memperoleh Keadilan Dalam Sistem Peradilan Di Indonesia. Wijayakusuma Law Rewiew, 4(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.51921/wlr.7760s072
Basri, I. P. J., Karim, M. S., & Ilyas, A. (2023). Analisis Hukum Pidana Terhadap Perbuatan Ujaran Kebencian. UNES Law Review, 5(4), 3172–3181. https://doi.org/10.31933/unesrev.v5i4
Basri, R. F. N., E., M. S., & Wangga. (2024). Penerapan Syarat Materiil Surat Dakwaaan Pidana Pengeroyokan Pada Putusan Nomor: 813/Pid. B/2023/PN. Sby. Jurnal Reformasi Hukum Trisakti, 6(3), 1247–1257. https://doi.org/10.25105/refor.v6i3.21195
Chaerudin, M. A. Y. C., Maskur, A., & Adila, A. H. (2025). Prinsip Keadilan Prosedural Sebagai Landasan Pertimbangan Hakim Dalam Kasus Pencurian Ayam. Jurnal USM Law Review, 8(1), 509–529. https://doi.org/10.26623/julr.v8i1.11770
Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure (2024). https://www.law.cornell.edu/rules/frcrmp/rule_12
Harianty. (2016). Batalnya Surat Dakwaan (Null And Void) Karena Dakwaan Jaksa Penuntut Umum Kabur (Obscuur Libeli). Lex Crimen, 5(2), 142–150.
Hartoyo, E. (2022). Penegakan Hukum dalam Putusan Hakim pada Perkara Pidana yang Berkeadilan Berbasis Hukum Progresif [Tesis]. Universitas Islma Sultan Agung.
Hasani, A., & Leka, S. (2022). Historical and Comparative Overview of the Indictment Review. De Jure, 13(2), 413–418. https://doi.org/10.54664/dyhk8910
Helm, R. (2023). Wrongful Conviction in England and Wales: An Assessment of Successful Appeals and Key Contributors. The Wrongful Conviction Law Review, 3(3), 196–217. https://doi.org/10.29173/wclawr79
Herman, Hidayat, S., Abdullah, S. A., Nur, F., Sulihin, L. O. M., Rompo, I., & Hamdan, M. (2024). Pembatalan Surat Dakwaan dalam Putusan Akhir Terhadap Perkara Tindak Pidana Perzinaan (Studi Putusan Nomor 501 / Pid . B / 2022 / PN . Kdi). Halu Oleo Legal Research, 6(3), 664–683. https://doi.org/10.33772/holresch.v6i3.998
Imani, D. (2016). Akibat Hukum Jika Surat Dakwaan Dinyatakan Obscuur Libel Oleh Hakim. Lex Crimen, V(5), 28–36.
Imanuel Landy Karamoy, Marthin Doodoh, & Roy V. Karamoy. (2022). Suatu Tinjauan Terhadap Surat Dakwaan Jaksa Penuntut Umum Kabu/Samar-Samar (Obscuur Libeli) yang Mengakibatkan Surat Dakwaan Dinyatakan Batal Demi Hukum (Van Rechtswege/Null and Void). Lex Privatum, 10(4), 1–12.
Kirani, C., & Alfianto, D. (2024). Analisis Putusan Nomor 9/Pid.Sus- Anak/2023/Pn.Jkt.Brt Tentang Dakwaan Pidana Persetubuhan Oleh Anak Terhadap Anak. Jurnal Reformasi Hukum Trisakti, 6(3), 1304–1313. https://doi.org/10.25105/refor.v6i3.21127
Marsudianto, D. N., & Israhadi, E. I. (2025). Uncertainty of Locus Delicti and Tempus Delicti as an Obstacle to Law Enforcement against ybercrime. Global Indonesian Journal of Legal and Social Studies, 3(2), 114–121. https://doi.org/10.38035/gijlss.v3i2
Nasution, R. P., Milen, S., Ramadhan, K. I., Sitorus, K., & Chandra, A. (2024). Praktek Due Process Of Law dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana Indonesia di Tinjau Dari Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Medan Tahun 2022-2023. Jurnal Begawan Hukum, 2(1), 117–128. https://journal.unisan.ac.id/index.php/JBH/article/view/89
Negara, T. A. S. (2023). Normative Legal Research in Indonesia: Its Originis and Approaches. Audito Comparative Law Journal (ACLJ), 4(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.22219/aclj.v4i1.24855
Nuddin, D., & Wasahua, I. (2020). Tinjauan Hukum Terhadap Putusan Yang Menyatakan Surat Dakwaan Batal Demi Hukum, Studi Kasus Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Simalungun Nomor 10/Pid.Sus/2015/PN.Sim tanggal 23 April 2015. JCA of Law, 1(1), 62–70. https://jca.esaunggul.ac.id/index.php/law/article/view/7/0
Pengadilan Negeri Kotamobagu. (2025). Putusan Nomor 34/Pid.Sus/2025/PN Ktg (pp. 1–21).
Putri, K. D. A., & Arifin, R. (2019). Tinjaauan Teoritis Keadilan dan Kepastian Dalam Hukum dI Indonesia (The Theoretical Review of Justice and Legal Certainty in Indonesia). Mimbar Yustitia, 2(2), 142–158. https://doi.org/10.52166/mimbar.v2i2.1344
Rafianti, F., & Sinaga, M. H. A. P. (2023). Nusyuz as the Cause of Domestic Violence: A Comparative Study of Islamic Law and Criminal Law. International Journal of Law, Environment, and Natural Resources, 3(1), 11–20. https://doi.org/10.51749/injurlens.v3i1.45
Rahman, A. H., Ibad, S., & Dairani. (2025). Penerapan Proses Penyidikan Mencari Alat Bukti Keterangan dengan Melanggar Asas Equality Before The Law dalam. MARAS: Jurnal Penelitian Multidisplin, 3(1), 402–410. https://doi.org/10.60126/maras.v3i1.762
Riyanto, A. (2019). Tinjauan Yuridis Fungsi Surat Dakwaan Dalam Proses Pemeriksaan Perkara Tindak Pidana Di Pengadilan. Petita, 1(2), 196–215.
Saifuddin, B. (2017). Eksistensi Eksepsi Terhadap Surat Dakwaan batal Demi Hukum dalam Perkara Pengrusakan (Studi Kasus di Pengadilan Negeri Padangsidempuan). Jurnal Ilmiah MUQODDIMAH, 1(2), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.31604/jim.v1i2.2017.11-16
Santos, M. F., Elias, R. F., & Rompis, T. (2021). Kajian Hukum Eksepsi Atas Dakwaan Jaksa Penuntut Umum menurut Ketentuan Pasal 156 Ayat 1 Undang-undang No,8 Tahun 1981. Lex Crimen, 10(6), 187–196.
Tendean, V. Y. (2018). Batalnya Surat Dakwaan Menurut Hukum Acara. Lex Crimen, 7(5), 143–150.
Vogler, R. (2021). Why is There No Statute of Limitations for Criminal Cases in England and Wales ? DPCE Online, 49(4), 3907–3922. https://doi.org/10.57660/dpceonline.2021.1448
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Zulkifli Linggotu, Eldy Satria Noerdin
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Editorial Team
Reviewers
Focus & Scope
Peer Review Process
Publication Ethics
Author Guidelines
Author Fees
Open Access Policy
Copyright & Licenses
Contact Us
